The Institution of slavery in the American South of Antebellum Period Essay

The Institution of servitude in the American South of Antebellum Period - Essay Example This cruel practice mortified the oppressed blacks to a degree that they would never delete it from their psyches as long as they lived. As indicated by Hunter (73) the real image of subjection in Southern America was that of huge homesteads ranches with a great deal of slaves. Actually, subjugation here was systematized were a couple of individuals possessed slaves in their organizations with the point that they give modest work. Very nearly 3/4 of the Southern Americans didn't possess slaves, yet they were decidedly behind the subjugation organization, as much as they didn't profit much from it. In spite of the fact that a large number of the Southern whites despised the benefits appreciated by the couple of individuals who possessed these subjection establishments, they didn't criticize subjugation (Hunter 74). In any case, all they wanted is for them to get a chance of possessing slaves, with the goal that they can likewise appreciate those benefits. Moreover, subjection introduc ed a chance to even the poor whites, of feeling better than the blacks. An extraordinary number of slaves invest a lot of their energy in the cotton estates, completing different exercises (Hunter 74). Every one of these cotton manors had roughly fifty slaves, albeit a few ranches which were moderately enormous had around a hundred slaves. Various ranches raised a wide scope of money harvests, for example, rice, sugarcane and corn, however cotton at time, was the significant money crop. The slaves planted these money crops just as collecting them. Aside from doing these two significant exercises in the homesteads, they likewise cleared land, butchered domesticated animals and fixed structures too (Hunter 74). While dark men slaves were relied upon to be drivers, mechanics and woodworkers, dark ladies were then again expected to think about their masters’ families. There were two primary classifications of slaves; the individuals who worked in their masters’ properties and the individuals who worked in the fields. Tracker (74) attests that from such classification, one may imagine that those working in the homes were moderately better than those in the fields. Shockingly, that was not the situation since those working in the homes had no protection, worked under their masters’ investigation and could be called for obligation in any case. By being near their masters’ home slaves shaped complex associations with their lords. Offspring of both the white and dark races conceived in such a situation, blended unreservedly until they achieved a specific age when they began understanding what was happening (Hunter 74). The weight control plans of the slaves were lacking, subsequently couldn't satisfy their outstanding task at hand needs (Hunter 75). Those working in homes however ate nearly better since they could get to their masters’ food stores. The poor eating conditions and the climatic conditions made the captives to be such a g reat amount of inclined to ailments. On falling wiped out the slaves were not given sufficient treatment and here and there they constrained into work however debilitated. In spite of the fact that that isn't sufficiently cruel, slaves were continually being sold when they become insufficient. This ingrained a consistent dread in them as they could experience the ill effects of being isolated from their families. The ladies slaves additionally experienced sexual abuse, for example, assault. Tracker (75) clarifies further that slaves were rebuffed for working gradually, affronting authority or fleeing. Discipline was regulated from multiple points of view, for example, detainment, whipping or even

Proforma statement introduction Essay Example

Proforma articulation presentation Essay The Southern Airlines execution list is expressive of the prosperity of the organization. The organization since financial year 2003-204 has experienced colossal development. The development and working gainfulness rate up to financial year 2006-2007 is at 10.28% which is characteristic of expanded efficiency and development of advantages. The company’s resource limit gain on the monetary year 2006-2007 is 3.7% up from the 2.7% in the financial 2003-2004. This implies a development pace of 1% on resources esteem returns.Southern Air Lines 2006-2007Income statement1st quarter of monetary year 2006-2007Net salesâ â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â $790,000,000Cost of salesâ â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â $9086mTaxable incomeâ â â â â â â â â â â â â â $9086Tax                                  $291,000,000Net incomeâ â â â â â à ¢ â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â $499,000,000Economic suggestions and market overviewDue to radical market changes and administrative viewpoints the organization needed to experience radical medical procedure as far as rebuilding tasks and administrations arrangement strategies. Because of weight in the aircraft segment which was convectional and significantly burdening the market Southern Airlines at first had a few difficulties and lost its advantage esteem insignificantly somewhere in the range of 2005 and 2006. Anyway there were gains in deals and the piece of the overall industry appeared to develop quickly for the organization. As per the organization reports 2001 was a mistake. There were various misfortunes and loss of advantage esteem. There was a decay on client deluge and the benefits dwindled definitely. 911 was another significant difficulty and the issue of guideline and piece of the overall industry made impressive impacts on the company’s execut ion. In any case, throughout the years, the organization has expanded pace being developed of administrations, financial capacity and its piece of the overall industry approaches. This has come about to gains which have anticipated the flexibility of the organization as a worthwhile speculation and an exceptionally able aircraft. US stocks advertise execution, the Iraqi issue and the oil costs have significantly influenced the organization both emphatically and adversely. The organization has seen its worth decrease over these variables however through the equivalent up its key corporate improvement approaches and methodologies to cultivate money related and venture development. The equivalent has applied twofold norms on gain on resource esteem and created a rewarding faã §ade that has helped the recover of financial specialist and client certainty on the aircraft. Gainfulness and the board has gotten essential in production of able administrations and there has been increment in resources also. The prosperity of the organization looks exceptionally encouraging and this is sufficient proof of the estimation of the organization and its broadened venture standpoint. This is an organization which both the network and the speculators can bank on.Working Capital StrategiesImplementation of capital sparing measures is basic to turn away monetary tempests. The typical technocrat’s activity of investing a lot of energy on a misfortune making system or adventure, the generally speaking out come is putting of additional assets to oversee and attempt to constrain execution in this non-performing adventure. As opposed to making any additions then the endeavor eats into the capital coming about to misfortunes, rather than such a costly corporate slip-up, the venture’s costs ought to be cut and the assets being directed on the endeavor ought to be cut off.Capital ought to be instigated into performing ventures. It ought to be joined negligibly in order to ha ve reserve funds. This sounds trite yet it’s progressively vital in balancing the organization to counter monetary dreary in future. The capital should just buy suitable resources and money feasible business moves. There ought to be no cash pets in the capital division. Decisions of consumption on significant measures and plans, there ought to be speculation projections which will bring profits instead of cost which will diminish increase potential in set monetary periods. Capital administration ought to be quickly organized. Each portion of proposed technique has its suggestion on the economy of the organization. This implies it is absurd to expect to disregard ventures which are considered beneficial yet to dispense monetary capital strategically.This implies making some set memories edge of shooting increasingly monetary on the task and when to pull out from financing the equivalent. Organization arrangement on putting money on ventures previously bringing in cash for the organization ought to be executed to cut expense on utilization of organization capital in order to have holds. By and large, there will be increment in investment funds and less spending designations on financing organization adventures. Capital launch ought to be smoothed out to negligible percentages’ on performing ventures and the additions from the last ought to be assessed to level with the cost to decrease capital discharge. Taking a gander at the obligation based structure; the organization is fit to perform on money premise as opposed to acquiring to extend its concentrated programs’Capital Structure StrategiesA spending plan on organization cost and adventure financing is the premise of smoothed out cost and capital stream guideline. The organization spending plan should extend even the least anticipated outcomes, obstructing financial tempests. Guideline of inevitabilities gets natural in keeping the organized capital projections at the specific level.Gaugin g capital execution and increase conceded will likewise control cost against gain. The rate capital use ought to have convectional impact on gain on the equivalent significant rates. The spending plan ought to stick to showcase socioeconomics, evaluation, research and attractiveness issues and help just in pulling the organization Achilles feet up the stepping stool. This credits to a bigger piece of the organization liabilities which structure the Achilles feet. Other than legitimate consumption, a capital cost time allotment will have suggestions on the rate benefit toward the finish of the financial year, other than directing misfortunes collected because of un-proliferated cost. As such an extremely proficient structure to utilize the organization capital is more or so the administrative part of the organization misfortune risk.Capital Investment StrategiesMost organizations will in general kindness financing just the utilitarian region of the organization and along these lines utilizing the money to improve the benefit limit. The venture trick offers far reaching accreditation of significant speculations as opposed to business motivators. This implies the organization utilizes contributing the capital as the monetary driver and a hazard decrease measure as opposed to spending. Purchasing organization stake, securities and different ventures is one basic methodology. In any case, that isn't viewed as a forceful speculation system to certain organizations. Accordingly, appropriation of different procedures that encourage purchase outs increment potential benefit gain and ups speculation level. New items inside the aircrafts degree can turn out to be extremely rewarding ventures. This is attainable through statistical surveying and review to comprehend client needs and the market circumstance investigation that would set up temporary strategies and undertaking needs that can be changed over in to benefits or long haul ventures. The organization can plan on b enefiting from cutting edge transport and extravagance planes. These will make its intensity in the market to be higher and become protection against misfortunes and piece of the overall industry misfortune also. Capital can likewise be contributed on client support. Administration arrangement will mean spending more on new staff, gear and friendliness related projections.Dividend PolicyThe brilliant principle frequently disregarded is that ‘its selling is business, yet giving back is business too’ Good profit rates offer impetuses to conceivable speculator. The belief system of making an impressive addition from the organization through a stock is a significant motivating force according to the speculator. In any case, this relies upon the sum and normality of the dividend.The approach at the organization on the profit ought to stay dependent on the standard. There is progressively open trust on organizations that regard the network and offer back to the network than f orceful enterprises which scarcely focus on such issues yet are rough and simply after benefits and expansion.There have been a great deal of speculator interests on organizations whose open picture is all the more a family unit issue than the vicious financial objetived companies. Financial specialists see this kind of an organization as effectively guaranteed by the certainty rested on it by the network instead of the benefit making element that is portrayed by the last mentioned. Protection will communicate the fundamental component of protections held by speculators in the organization as far as offers, with pockets of enormous financial specialists and a huge number of locally established, mom and daddy financial specialists the protection is set up since most of these are similar clients at the air line.Risk Mitigation StrategiesCustomer reaction to the organization system and administration arrangement is the beginning of hazard assessment. Clearly nobody can make light of th e chance of a hard financial tempest if there should arise an occurrence of a hindering one getting genuine. The suggestions will in general crash, decimate capital structure and breakdown the organization. To demystify this, it is the duty of the organization to evaluate the market through guaging, showcase overview, and research on protection against awful money related climate. Anyway this is less explained as required for thorough articulation of hazard relief. It involves the departmental investigation of its capacities and the potential provisos that cause distress.Demographic factors, economic situations, move of industry arrangement, guideline, item assorted variety and the political climate holds up traffic of a steady monetary wellbeing of the organization. Measures to protect the organization against all these obstructing storms is through investin

I Reflect My Shelves; My Shelves Reflect Me

I Reflect My Shelves; My Shelves Reflect Me I love getting rid of books. In more than one of my jobs as a librarian, I earned a certain reputation for gleefully weeding books from shelves. Id pull hundreds of them, relegating them to the piles that would end up at the used book sale or in the recycling pile. Where many cringe at the thought of this, I found a lot of comfort and pleasure in pulling books from the shelves that hadnt moved in two years, three years, ten years; it made space for the books that might otherwise be overlooked. It creates room for discovery. Since public libraries are not repositories for every book ever but instead  exist to hold a collection that reflects the intellectual curiosity, research needs, and entertainment desires of a given community, its important to pull those books that arent moving. Having a European history collection that ends at the start of the Cold War does little good, for example, to the general public. Its in creating those clearings public libraries stay relevant to their citizens. This idea is one thats crept into my personal book shelves, as well. At first, the idea of getting rid of books because they hadnt been picked up or thought about for a few years seemed silly. I always told myself that maybe Id get to that book some day. But some day turns into five years, and in five years, I am a wholly different person than I was before. My shelves may no longer reflect the person I am, but rather, reflect the person I was or the person who Id hoped to one day be. I want my bookshelves to always reflect the person I am. Confession: I, like many other white women I knew  in  their early 20s, went through an Ayn Rand phase. For me, I think  it had far less to do with the notions of objectivism and more to do with the fact I prided myself in  reading her damn long boring as hell books. I collected all of her titles, all in a similar style and format, and they lined my shelves from the time I picked them up until a few years ago when I decided to make a major book purge. I paused for a moment as my hands traced the spines of them, recalling the person who I was when I got them. Do I keep one or two for sentimental reasons? Thinking about who I was then, in that moment, as I thought about the books, I swept them all into the donate pile. Rand wasnt for me; I wasnt for Rand. If I found myself so compelled to read her again, Id hike to the library and pick a copy up there. Over the last year or so, Ive done fewer large purges of books. Instead, Ive culled as Ive gone along, thinking through my decisions of what I keep and make room for based on who I am in the very moment Im making that choice. This is the same method I used in the library. After you complete one big purge, its easy to then take a little time here or there to pull out the pieces that no longer suit. There are, of course, a few sentimental titles I hold on to and will always hold on to, but I keep them in one small stack in one small corner of one small shelf. They are at times concealed behind another, more prominent, collection of titles, rendering their property on my shelf truly sacred. Private. A depth within me. Many readers, including many here, are using the Kondo method of asking does it spark joy as a measure of keeping a book or not. But thats a fundamentally different question than does it reflect me? Books that reflect me dont always spark joy in my life; I have hard, tough, challenging titles in my collection  because  they dont spark joy. But they absolutely reflect me as I am. Maybe its also that part of me doesnt buy into the idea I need joy to be the spark. My cookbooks line the half wall separating my kitchen from the basement staircase. Looking at them like that absolutely sparks joy for me. They look nice! They make my kitchen feel like a home! They remind me I can cook! These are all important, joy-sparking revelations, especially for a girl who never thought shed have a space in her life for a cookbook collection, let alone a woman who has grown to enjoy cooking and experimenting with food outside her comfort zone. But when I zoom in closer at the shelf, so few of those cookbooks actually reflect me. This cookbook is about making meals under 300 calories using all kinds of fake/processed ingredients; this cookbook is about cooking with meat; this cookbook is about making all kinds of fancy French food. I am a clean eating, mostly-vegetarian woman whose patience for standing on her feet to cook for long periods of time on the daily does not manifest in delightful French food. Why should I keep them? Out they go. Ive a half shelf packed with poetry collections, many picked up during my last year in college when Id intended a life of writing a poetry collection, going to an MFA program, and living the rich life of a poet (I guess my Rand phase a couple years later maybe fits here? Who knows.).  When that went south, I kept those books, carrying them with me through two cross-country moves, despite never cracking the spine open on a single one in the interim. Since they no longer reflect me as I am, its time for them to ship off to a new home, and for me to fill their empty space on my shelf with feminist essays, with cultural critiques, and with YA novels that I love and adore. These books and stories  are part of the person I am now. If the time comes in a few years where Im no longer passionate about the things I love right now, Ill clear those shelves and make room for the person I might be then. Shelves that reflect me are the very thing that help me learn about who I am in the present. They push me to my edges and make me consider my space as it is now, rather than what I might become in five years  maybe when I read this book Ive not read and has taken up this space for years. Is this extreme? Sure. But its no more extreme than Kondoing, and its no more extreme than keeping the old parts of me hanging around for good measure. As I acquire more books that catch my interest, I get to watch as my own sense of self is reflected back at me on my shelves. Ive learned from those chapters of my life. Clearing the space lets me see just how much more growing and discovering I can do.

Essay on Fine Arts Classes Are Necessary - 1109 Words

Fine arts classes benefit students and schools alike. Fine arts are needed courses, not just as electives but as core classes that promote learning and creativity in the lives of students. There are three different styles of learning: auditory, visual, and kinesthetic. Fine art provides an avenue for all of these learning styles to be utilized during one class period; therefore, all students are able to understand and benefit from the curriculum. In a normal academic setting all types of learning may not be used, so a percentage of the classroom will not understand the lessons as well as it could have if it had arts incorporated into the class. It may seem impossible to include arts into an academic setting, but it is possible,†¦show more content†¦North Texas High School encourages their students to get involved in their fine arts programs and have fun expressing themselves in any class they choose to participate in (â€Å"FIne†). These schools are only two o f many who are determined to make their students’ educations the most enjoyable that they can by incorporating fine arts throughout schools. For students with hectic, stressful lives, an arts class may provide a calming, emotional outlet (Weber). Research proves that students who participate in fine arts have higher self-esteem and more social acceptance by their peers. Even parents agree that they have noticed an increase in self-esteem and motivation in their children when they begin taking fine arts classes (Swann-Hudkins). Fine arts in schools assist students in developing creativity, collaboration, and critical thinking, as well as self-discipline, self-esteem, cooperation, and self-motivation (â€Å"FIne†). As well as improving students’ self-esteem, discipline problems have dwindled to the point of extinction (1). According to Barry Oreck, â€Å"student behavior improved strikingly in such areas as taking risks, cooperating, solving problems, takin g initiative for learning, and being prepared (2-3).† Fine arts continue to raise standards in schools and show how students develop self-discipline and enhance their self-regulatory behavior (new horizons Dickerson 2).Show MoreRelatedBenefits Of The Fine Arts Programs1349 Words   |  6 PagesAn equivalent solution to solve the issue of under focused fine arts programs includes organizing a school’s current instruction time more efficiently within the school day. Schools could achieve efficiently using a combination of course integration and more planned and punctual lesson plans. Class time of Core subjects normally take precedent over arts classes and non Core subjects. Maximizing instructional time for all subjects would benefit the students and schools, despite the high cost it wouldRead MoreCourse Integration Is Another Solution1478 Words   |  6 Pagescurriculums can be laid down to weave Common Core and the fine arts together to create a beautiful product of different fine arts disciplines and Common Core standards (Adams, Pederson, and Narboni). Imagine connecting math and music, or art and history, or even dance and gym. The students’ motivation for learning will increase as in this example; a student might like art but not history. If he looks at history through the perspective of art, then he might find more enjoyment out of his history classRead MoreThe Impact Of Arts On American Public Schools1502 Words   |  7 Pagesof fine arts, as well as their funding, in American public schools is associated with the changing priorities of American politicians, as well as the diverse curriculum that does not provide the arts a place. Since the relatively recent inception of new educational legislature, such as NCLB (No Child Left Behind), arts are struggling to find a space in the classroom even though they are integrated into the mandated curriculum. Whether it be increased focus on test preparation in core classes, orRead MoreMone y Plays An Important Factor1204 Words   |  5 PagesMoney plays an important factor in schools’ decisions for cutting or reducing fine arts. Cutting fine arts saves money that could be used on academically stimulating programs and bettering Core subject areas. An Arizona newspaper reported that a school district was able to save one and a half million dollars when they completely cut their fine arts program (Faller). Fine arts takes up a large portion of schools’ budgets, and schools who cut it in its entirety would be able to save that money andRead MoreFine Art Programs Should Be Banned1581 Words   |  7 Pagesgo are often disciplines such as music, art and foreign language.† This is a shocking amount of fine art programs that are being cut out of the schools in America. It is often argued that fine art programs should be eliminated because of ‘inappropriate’ content in some plays, people believe that artists are more involved in scandals, and believe musicians are more likely to get involved with gambling and are more likely to be unreliable. Nevertheless fine art programs in schools should continue toRead MoreBecoming a Computeri Illustrator 1014 Words   |  4 Pagesinclude drawing, painting, and basically everything under the category of art, so I find the illustrator’s career to be a dream come true. With a bit of thorough research, I’ve found the career that is right for me. An illustrator draws or paints pictures to connect ideas, feelings, or factual information (â€Å"Illustrator† para. 3). They work to make commercial pieces that persuade or entertain an audience with a certain style of art (â€Å"Illustrator† para. 3). These are the people that drew the cartoons youRead MoreArt : Art As A Major1692 Words   |  7 PagesUNI-201 November 10, 2014 Art as a Major Staring at a person across the room, you find yourself wondering who they really are. What do they do? And perhaps, where are they going in life? Truth is you can tell very little about a person from just their appearance, as it is with me. But after time it is hard to not to notice how much art is a part of my life, and what it means to me. Throughout this paper I will focus on why studio art is my major (and why others such as art education are not), thenRead MoreThe No Child Left Behind Act Essay1731 Words   |  7 PagesO Art, Art, Wherefort art Thou Art? Who are Raphael, Leonardo, Michelangelo and Donatello? Present this question to a room full of children (as well as teenagers) and you are only going to receive references to the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles as responses, nearly without a shred of doubt. Though those guys are great, as someone in my mid-twenties I have some nostalgic attachment to them as well, this fictional presentation, with its’ fictional responses which is actually not related to those fictionalRead MoreEssay about Looking Deeper into the Creative Career of an Illustrator1128 Words   |  5 Pagesdrawing, painting, and almost everything under the category of art, this career might be right for them. With a bit of thorough research, the illustrator’s career can be understood as one that many people would love to have. An illustrator draws or paints pictures to connect ideas, feelings, or factual information (â€Å"Illustrator† para. 3). They work to make commercial pieces that persuade or entertain an audience with a certain style of art (â€Å"Illustrator† para. 3). They have created pictures for notRead MoreAnnual Testing Is Well Known For Teaching1587 Words   |  7 Pagesfor different district of education in different states. The test is meant for the boards of educations in every state to see the improvements in every school. It also allows the board to see which school is weak in what sections of the two core classes. And when the board sees what schools are poor in those areas it may take away money and give it to a school that is doing better than that school. Test may be helpful to the board for some time to see the weak spots, but bad scores also meant less

Bullying Is A Social Interest - 3233 Words

Context History There has been a lot of research done on bullying since the 1980s when Olweus, who was a Norwegian researcher, began to study bullying. In Scandinavia, bullying had become a social interest because people noticed that it was a problem in their society. The school officials in Scandinavia did not take action against bullying until three boys from Norway had committed suicide because they were bullied by their peers. This event caused national interest in bully and victim problems. Since, people suspected that there was a bullying issue they had conducted a study in which data was obtained from 140,000 students in 715 schools. The results indicated that 15% of students in Norwegian schools were involved in bullying. It also indicated that about 94% of the students classified as victims and 6% were classified as bullies (Beaty, Alexeyev, 2008). Government Policies Since bullying has affected students and caused students to commit suicide, new laws and policies have been created. According to the U.S. Department of Education website, forty-five states have already passed laws addressing bullying in school. Any school that is federally funded is responsible for addressing harassment incidents. A state that has created an anti-bullying law is Connecticut. The new law takes comprehensive steps to prevent bullying and ensure that every child has the right to learn in public schools without fear of teasing, humiliation or assault (Briggs, 2012).The United States ofShow MoreRelatedBullying Is A Social Interest2346 Words   |  10 Pageson bullying since the 1980s when Olweus, who was a Norwegian researcher, began to study bullying. In Scandinavia, bullying had become a social interest because people noticed that it was a problem in their society. The school officials in Scandinavia did not take action against bullying until three boys from Norway ha d committed suicide because they were bullied by their peers. This event caused national interest in bully and victim problems. Since, people suspected that there was a bullying issueRead MoreCyber Bullying : A New Form Of Bullying979 Words   |  4 Pagesunimaginable harm† (Chavez). With this mention Cyber bullying has taken a toll in children and teenagers across the nation. Many doctors, advocates, teachers, parents and many more are helping children and teenagers fight against cyber bullying. Cyber bullying can start off as a game, but can become dangerous and lead to disorders, syndromes and can even lead to death. People need to educate themselves and inform children and teens the dangers of cyber bullying and report it immediately if they come acrossRead MoreDaniel Briggs s Life At The Young Age Of 16 Essay1341 Words   |  6 Pagesstudents. Subject lived in New York and had a soft spot for helping others. His interests included hunting and trapping, however, this was not popular where he lived. The bullying began when he was young and it carried on into high school. Once he had reached high school, it escalated. Daniel had difficulty finding friends who had common interests with him and ultimately made him a target for bullying. The bullying began with words then progressed to physical forms. such as having trash thrownRead MoreEnd Bullying in the Classroom Essay575 Words   |  3 PagesIn the article Bullying: Effective Strategies for its Prevention Scarpaci (2006) defines bullying as when a more powerful person hurts, frightens, or intimidates a weaker person on a continual and deliberate basis. For this reason, Scarpaci (2006) states that bullying manifests in three distinct forms which are physical (hitting, shoving, poking, tripping, and slapping), verbal (name-calling, insults, teasing) and social (persuading others to exclude or reject someone). Furthermore, Scarpaci (2006)Read MoreAre Antibullying Strategies in Schools Successful?971 Words   |  4 Pageswould wait to go at home or prefer to be sick. (Abcarian). Bullying is a form of abuse that can be emotional or physical. Many children and teens are bullied at school every day. Some of these victims become depressed and lose interest in their schoolwork. (ProQuest Staff). There have been too many instances where young people have committed suicide to escape the torment of bullies. Most people do not realize or know how to stop bullying until someone gets hurt. Schools should have a disciplinaryRead MoreHigh School Cliques896 Words   |  4 Pagesattitudes from and towards cliques, cliques have a negative view in schools today. Often times, cliques are seen as an unhealthy thing. There are so many flaws in the idea of cliques that it has been questioned many times. Since cliques are formed by interests, students would go whom they fit best with and that would divide up the school. Every teenager is familiar with the ‘classic’ cliques and their nicknames, as epitomized in countless teen movies: jocks, preps, geeks, nerds† (Cliques in Schools). ThereRead MoreBullying: Policy and Sociological Theory657 Words   |  3 Pagesï » ¿Bullying: Policy and (Sociological) Theory Sociological theories, concepts, and studies provide a greater purpose and function more than just being products of academic and research extension work. Work in policy development is where usually these theories and studies are translated into policy recommendations and if lobbied and defended with strong support from key and influential individuals and groups, could actually lead to legislative action. Indeed, the conversion of theory to policy is aRead MorePrevention And Intervention Of Bullying Behaviors918 Words   |  4 Pagesa major role in prevention and intervention of bullying behaviors. Studies repeatedly suggest that bullying can be significantly impacted if teachers, students, student groups, administrators, and parents worked together to stop bullying (Mount, 2005). Social services can be useful through afterschool programs, specifically educating youth who might be at a greater risk of bullying and victimization. Social services can also work with parents to discuss parenting styles and attachments. Based onRead MoreCyberbullying Is A Form Of Inappropriate Online Behavior814 Words   |  4 Pageswhich involves using technology to transmit embarrassing information about someone. The most common types of cyberbullying are direct threats and spreading embarrassing messages, pictures, and videos over social media, instant messages texts, or emails. Unlike the traditional playground bullying, cyberbullying uses technology. Smartphones and other handheld devices have made it easier for cyberbullies to conduct mean and cruel activities online. Because of mass communication online, cyberbullyingRead MoreBuilding Relationships : A Democratic Classroom1254 Words   |  6 Pagesbuild trust and respect in your relationship. According to the text, Secrets of the Teenage Brain, this assists with establishing a sense of belonging for your students. Building relationships also allows you gain knowledge about your students’ interests and abilities and will help create a more engaging and beneficial instruction. The text also mentions that being friendly and encouraging to each of your students can help improve their self-esteem and create a positive environment. Create a democratic

Topic Free Essays

One of the reasons is the increase in accessibility of formula. Breastfeeding rates declined sharply because of the widespread belief that pastured cows milk eliminated the differences between human and cow’s milk feeding’ (Wolf 2003 [as cited in DAD, 2009]). Many organizations are in support and promote breastfeeding for example, Center for Disease Control and Healthy people with goals Of increasing the rate of breastfeeding mothers. We will write a custom essay sample on Topic or any similar topic only for you Order Now Multiple benefits result from breastfeeding for both infant and mother. The DAD (2009) list multiple benefits; for example, bonding between mother and infant, essential trident, immunity properties, decrease in allergies and other intolerance’s, decrease in sudden infant death and long term affect of decrease in type 1 and 2 diabetes, heart disease, obesity and high cholesterol. There are also positive effects for the mother. For example, low risk in chronic diseases and other physical benefits as well as financial. The benefits are overwhelming for both mother and infant. In regards to benefits to society, according to the U. S Department of Health and Human Services (2014), breast-feeding can reduce infant mortality, less medical cost, more productive work force and good for the environment. It is our responsibility to assist and educate new mothers on the benefits by promoting and encouraging short term and long-term benefits of breastfeeding for both mother and infant (DAD, 2009). In order to provide effective teaching to a new mother, I must take into consideration the health literacy of the mother and any cultural beliefs she may have. The educational approach must be culturally sensitive and set in an environment that is conducive to learning. An assessment made on preferred learning can assist the new mom in adhering to breastfeeding and setting aside any misconceptions, she may have. I would involve the mom and family with creating short and long-term goals and implementing strategies. This article is an excellent article that provides all the benefits for both her and her infant. An excellent resource to provide this new mom with up to date information is La Lech League. This website provides information on techniques, other resources, publications and tips on breastfeeding. How to cite Topic, Papers

Steven Boldis January 7,1999 Essays - Literature, Literary Realism

Steven Boldis January 7,1999 English 9 Mr. Moratto The Catcher in the Rye In The Catcher in the Rye, Holden views the world as an evil and corrupt place where there is no peace. This perception of the world does not change significantly through the novel. However as the novel progresses, Holden gradually comes to the realization that he is powerless to change this. During the short period of Holden's life covered in this book, Holden does succeed in making us believe that the world is crazy. Shortly after Holden leaves Pencey Prep he checks in to the EdmontHotel. This is where Holden's turmoil begins. Holden spends the following evening in this hotel which was full of perverts and morons. (There were) screwballs all over the place. His situation only deteriorates from this point on as the more he looks around this world, the more depressing life seems. Around every corner Holden sees evil. He looks out on a world, which appears completely immoral. The three days we learn of from the novel place a distressed Holden in the are of Manhattan. The city is decked with decorations and holiday splendor, yet, much to Holden's despair seldom yields any occasions of peace, charity or even genuine merriment. Holden is surrounded by what he views as drunks, perverts, morons and screwballs. These convictions which Holden holds waver very momentarily during only one particular scene in the book. The scene is that with Mr. Antolini. After Mr. Antolini patted Holden on the head while he was sleeping, Holden jumped up and ran out thinking that Mr. Antolini was a pervert as well. This is the only time during the novel where Holden thinks twice about considering someone as a pervert. After reviewing Mr. Antolini, Holden finally concludes that maybe he wasn't making a flirty pass at him. Maybe he just like patting guys heads as they sleep. This is really the only time in the novel where Holden actually considers a positive side. This event does not constitute a significant change. As Holden himself says, It's not too bad when the sun's out, but the sun only comes out when it feels like coming out. The sun of course i s a reference to decency through the common association of light and goodness. His perception of the world remains the same. The one conviction that does change during the novel is Holden's belief that he can change the world. On his date with Sally, Holden reveals his feelings. Did you ever get fed up?... I mean did you ever get scared that everything was going to go lousy unless you did something...Holden goes through several plans. Holden at one point contemplates heading out west where he will pretend to be a deaf-mute and live a quiet life. At another point Holden proposes to Sally to escape this world with him. It is finally to his younger sister Phoebe that Holden reveals his ultimate plan. Although Holden describes the situation in a very picturesque and symbolic manner he essentially tells Phoebe that he wants to prevent children from growing up. He blames the world's corruption on adults and believes that when he stops the children from growing up he will preserve their innocence and save the world. It takes most of the book before Holden begins to realize that he is helpless to stop this corruption. Finally, he realizes that not only is there nothing that he can do, but there is nowhere he can go to hide from it. Holden takes awhile to comprehend these concepts. One good example is when Holden is delivering the note to his sister. He encounters a *censored*-you written on the wall. Holden careful rubs this off with his hand so as to protect the innocent children from reading it. Later on he finds *censored*-you scratched into the surface with a knife. He discovers that he can't efface this one. Even in the timeless peace of the Egyptian tomb room at the museum there is an un-erasable *censored*-you. This incident is the beginning of Holden's realization that his dreams are infeasible. Strangely enough, it is one of the innocent children that he is trying to protect who helps him come to terms with this realization. It is Phoebe who

What Are Contractions (Warning Not a Guide to Pregnancy)

What Are Contractions (Warning Not a Guide to Pregnancy) What Are Contractions? If you’re heavily pregnant and noticing a tightness in your uterus at regular intervals, congratulations! You’re probably about to go into labor. However, if you’re looking for advice on that issue, we’re afraid you’re in the wrong place. The â€Å"contractions† we’re interested in are words. But what are these contractions? And how can you avoid errors when using them in your writing? Read on below to find out! What Are Contractions? A contraction is an abbreviation formed by combining two words. For instance: Could not = Couldn’t I am = I’m Where is = Where’s As shown above, we use an apostrophe to indicate that letters have been dropped from the new word. All contractions are formed like this, so make sure not to miss the apostrophe out! When to Use Contractions Contractions are very common in speech. As a result, you can use them in writing if you’re aiming for an informal, friendly tone. They’re also very useful in fiction, especially dialogue. However, since contractions are informal, you should not use them in formal writing (e.g., college papers and technical writing). The one exception to this is â€Å"o’clock† if you’re writing down a time in full (this is actually a contraction of â€Å"of the clock†). What time of the clock is it? Watch Out for These Sneaky Words! Finally, we’ll end on a list of common contractions that are regularly misused or that could be confusing. Look out for these terms in your writing and make sure that you’ve got them right: Contraction What It Means Common Errors It’s It is or it has Don’t confuse this term with the possessive determiner â€Å"its† (no apostrophe). They’re They are Not to be confused for the possessive determiner â€Å"their† or the adverb â€Å"there.† We’re We are Not to be confused with the past tense verb â€Å"were† or the adverb â€Å"where.† You’re You are Not to be confused with the possessive â€Å"your.† Can’t Cannot The full form of this term is written as a single word, so make sure not to write â€Å"can not† in formal writing. Won’t Will not This term is technically short for â€Å"woll not,† since â€Å"woll† is an old-fashioned spelling of â€Å"will.† And although â€Å"will† became standard for the positive form, the â€Å"o† spelling became standard for the negative contraction. With these terms, if you’re not sure whether the contraction is correct, try using the expanded version in the sentence. For example, while â€Å"we’re† and â€Å"were† look similar written down, there is an obvious difference between â€Å"they were happy† (grammatical) and â€Å"they we are happy† (ungrammatical).

How to establish a performance improvement plan

How to establish a performance improvement plan One of the biggest challenges of working in Human Resources can be the role that you play in employee struggles and difficulties: poor performance reviews, disciplinary action, conflicts between employee and manager, etc. It can feel like you’re caught in the middle- you’re not necessarily the employee or the manager, but you’re there to represent both their interests and those of the company, so your role is a delicate one. Part of that role is facilitating performance improvement plans (PIPs) to help struggling employees get back on track in their jobs.Why use a performance improvement plan?A PIP is a tool at HR’s disposal to help restore a worsening situation. Maybe the employee has chronic difficulties with his or her role, or maybe there was an incident that has shaken his or her manager’s confidence in their job performance. A PIP is a chance to say, â€Å"Okay, this situation is not great, but there’s potential to turn things around.à ¢â‚¬  It’s a formal document and process, acknowledged by the employee and his or her manager, that there are certain steps that the employee needs to complete before his or her performance is stabilized.It’s important to note that a PIP is not necessarily a last stop on the way to firing an employee. Instead, look at it as a way to acknowledge that performance has been poor, but that there are ways to move on with clearer expectations from all involved. It can help ensure that the employee is receiving the resources he or she needs to do the job, if that support was lacking before and contributed to mistakes or poor performance.What is HR’s role in creating a PIP?The Human Resources role can vary according to the size and type of company, but there are some baseline issues you can expect to address as an HR manager:Documenting circumstances- why the employee is being placed on a PIP, what the manager’s concerns are, what the employee’s response i s, and any other factors that need to be made clearEnsuring that the employee knows his or her rights in the situationProviding information or resources that the employee needs to succeed under the PIP, such as training or company policySupporting the manager in implementing the PIP for the employeeDeveloping an action plan for both the manager and the employeeThe HR role is one of support and guidance, and making sure that all parties are engaged in the process of making the work situation better for all involved.  hbspt.cta.load(2785852, '9e52c197-5b5b-45e6-af34-d56403f973c5', {});What’s included in a PIP?The PIP is not meant to be an accusatory tool, piling on to scare or intimidate the employee into improving, or else. Rather, it’s a way to get everything in writing and make sure that everyone is clear on expectations moving forward- particularly if there are consequences if the employee does not meet particular benchmarks.A PIP should include:Written documentati on of the problematic behavior or performance issueA specific description of the expectations for the employee’s performanceA list of the resources that will be provided to the employee to improve performanceAn explicit follow-up plan, including timeframes, a schedule of meetings with the employee, or other milestones set between the manager and employeeConsequences for failure to meet the benchmarks in the plan, if applicableThere may not be a one-size-fits-all PIP for your HR department. As the HR rep, you’re part of a collaborative process so it’s important to make sure that the PIP you’re developing is applicable to the particular situation and allows for input by both the manager and employee as well.Best practices for implementing a PIPAs you know, part of your role in HR is helping to defuse tense workplace situations with proactive steps and productive solutions. The employee probably isn’t happy (hence the issues), the manager isn’t happy to have to deal with this, and no one wants to be told they’re not doing well. Navigating an unhappy situation while trying to put a mechanism in place to get things back on track is challenging, no question. Here are some best practices you should consider as you create a PIP.Be clear, in writing, about the behavior or performance that merits the PIP.Provide specific examples of each type of behavior or poor performance.Create a dialogue about potential reasons for the behavior or poor performance. Give the employee an opportunity to express his or her understanding of the issue and of the performance expectations.Create a written improvement plan with specific, measurable goals for the employee to meet on a clear timeline. Make sure to include any consequences that may happen if the employee fails to meet particular benchmarks, if applicable.Set up a time to meet with the employee or manager to review the employee’s progress along the way.If at all possible, u se an automation system to track performance and ease your way into a PIP implementation planRemember, the goal here is growth- not punishment. You want everyone involved to feel comfortable with the plan moving forward. And ideally, the plan will help address the underlying issues that caused the poor performance in the first place.How to approach a PIP with an employeeImplementing a PIP can be a touchy situation- the employee is likely feeling embarrassed that things have gotten to this point and could be emotional or defensive. Here are some things you can do to help make the plan implementation easier on everyone.Let them know you’re in their corner. The employee may feel overwhelmed, so the idea that someone has their best interests at heart during a tough time can help.Get the employee’s perspective on the issue. Let them explain where they think things went wrong and see if they have a different perspective on what the expectations were, whether they were lackin g in resources, etc. It’s possible the employee has a different interpretation of how or why things went wrong, and it’s important to get both sides.Balance the negative with some positive. Let the employee know what he or she is doing well, instead of hitting the negative over and over.Don’t be vague or ambiguous. Provide clear examples of the problematic behavior, as well as the next steps needed to correct the issue. Also be clear about the impact of his or her behavior or poor performance.Give constructive feedback. Saying â€Å"this is unacceptable,† or â€Å"just be better,† without offering potential solutions or next steps is unlikely to help the employee correct the issue. Give recommendations about how they can improve. He or she already knows that she has to improve, but may not be clear on how to approach it.Make time to meet with the employee. Make sure he or she feels supported throughout the process. It’s not enough to say, â €Å"Okay, here’s the plan, do this.† Checking in can help ensure that a) progress is happening, and b) the employee understands what’s expected at every step.One thing to remember is that PIPs are not a magic fix for work disasters or poor performance. They’re a tool you can offer to your employees as a way to right the ship before it sinks and before someone loses a job or the company suffers further consequences from the poor performance. As long as everything is clearly defined (the source of the problem, the consequences of the problem, and the specific plan for remedying the problem) and you work closely with employees and managers to implement it, it can be one of the most effective and successful tools you have for turning around poor performance. A bit of optimism and a lot of careful documentation can go a long way in ensuring employee success, even after a failure.

Discuss how Starbucks downsizing in the USA impacts their global Essay

Discuss how Starbucks downsizing in the USA impacts their global growth strategy - Essay Example It is worthwhile to mention that Starbucks considers factors such as purchasing power of potential customers, demographics, societal norms and standards, consumers’ attitudes, perceptions and inclination towards its brand, the competitors’ strategies and their pricing policy, the availability of raw material in host nations, the exchange rate fluctuations, corporate tax rates, interest rates and government support to formulate and implement its strategies and make decisions for long-term business growth and monetary gains. (Merced, 2008) and (White, 2008) The strategic planners at Starbucks started observing fall in sales revenue and volume in 2008 when USA suffered with a sub-prime property mortgage crises and trade deficits. This in turn resulted in bankruptcies and closures of many financial and production related business institutions thereby intensifying the unemployment issue and deteriorating future employment prospects. The skyrocketing international oil prices also resulted in inflation that then forced customers to tighten their belts and demand fewer luxurious products such as Automobiles and Coffee. Hence, Starbucks planned to expand its Chinese operations where a large pool of potential customers has an inclination towards branded products offered by supranational organizations. Chinese government also supported Starbucks so that it could enhance interaction and communication with Chinese farmers in Yunnan (an agricultural area), which produces over 30,000 tons of Coffee Beans. In simple words, this region alone accounts for over 95% production of Coffee Beans, so Chinese officials seek help and guidance of Starbucks in business management, production and marketing process to ensure higher yield per acre and premium quality for domestic use and exports. (White, 2008) and (Haoting, 2009) Indeed, China is a best available alternative for Starbucks since it has

Information Security at Al Nahda Hospital Essay

Information Security at Al Nahda Hospital - Essay Example This is because internet users are potential customers and suppliers, and potential threats, as well. In case information stored in the hospital premises is tampered with, serious, adverse effects may result, because there are so many people who are dependent on this information. It is the responsibility of management to liaise with other departments to protect an organization’s information assets. This report analyses and evaluates information security at Al Nahda Hospital. In this report, the main categories of information assets that may be at risk and have to be protected have been described. The report also appraises the actual and potential threats and vulnerabilities of Al Nahda Hospital’s information assets. The report then formulates a security plan that describes counter measures that will manage the threats that put Al Nahda Hospital’s information assets at risk from a risk management perspective. A comprehensive information security education and awar eness program for use by management, staff and contractors for Al Nahda Hospital is also provided in this report. The report also explores the social, legal, and ethical issues or constraints that may be associated with the implementation of the comprehensive information security plan at Al Nahda Hospital. Finally, the report recommends valid actions that can be taken to improve the information security situation of Al Nahda Hospital. Introduction Al Nahda Hospital is a government hospital which is located in Oman. The hospital has a client server application called â€Å"Health Information Management system (HIMS)† on a local network. It also has applications that have been developed with oracle database, forms and reports. Al Nahda Hospital’s medical staff users can access and use the system from a local network using desktops, Personal Computers, or they can use laptops with WIFI, during wards round. Also, this system is connected to the headquarters with MPLS line. Users have access to both the operating system username and password and the database username and password. After a careful assessment of the information security situation, a security plan for the protection of the information holdings of the Al Nahda Hospital is required. The security plan will ensure that the security personnel oversee the security of information from deliberate and accidental threats to the hospital so as to improve Al Nahda Hospital’s information security. 1.0: Main Categories of Information Assets that may be at Risk and have to be protected Al Nahda Hospital’s information assets may be at risk, as far as the information status is concerned. These assets may be categorized into information assets, software, hardware, systems and people. 1.1: Information Assets Information assets of Al Nahda Hospital that may be at risk and need to be protected include documented information. Documented information contains both printed or written information an d electronic information stored on the hospital’s servers, website, extranets and internets. Electronic information can be stored in laptops, personal computers, cell phones, CD ROM and USB sticks, among other devices. The information that may be threatened

Association of Lipid Profile in Pregnancy with Pre-eclampsia

Association of Lipid Profile in Pregnancy with Pre-eclampsia Association of Lipid Profile in Pregnancy with Pre-eclampsia, Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Preterm delivery Babita Ghodke*,1, Raghuram Puskuru2, Varshil Mehta3, Kunal Bhuta4 1Associate Professor, 2Senior Resident, 3Intern, 4Junior Resident Department of Medicine, MGM Medical College, Navi Mumbai, India. Abstract Introduction: During last two trimesters of pregnancy, glucose is spared (for the foetus) while the concentration of fatty acids in plasma increases which can create complications like Preeclampsia, Gestational diabetes mellitus and preterm delivery. Aim: To study the association of serum lipid levels during second and third trimester with the development of pregnancy associated diseases like preeclampsia, GDM and preterm. Methods and Materials: The present study was carried out at MGM Hospital, Navi Mumbai, India.   200 antenatal cases from October, 2012 to October 2014 were enrolled after taking an informed consent. Statistical analyses were performed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20. All reported p-values are two-tailed, and confidence intervals were calculated at the 95% level. Results: In pre-eclamptic patients, the mean Systolic Blood Pressure was 151.40 mm/Hg and mean diastolic blood pressure was 74.03 mm/Hg in third trimester. In pre-eclamptic patients, the mean serum triglyceride levels in second trimester was 204.00 mg/dl while 243.20 md/dl in third trimester. In Gestational Diabetes Mellitus patients, the mean serum triglyceride was 214.33 mg/dl in second trimester while 230.50 mg/dl in third trimester. In patients with preterm, the mean triglycerides levels 212.83 mg/dl and 240.16 mg/dl in second and third trimester respectively. In pre-eclamptic patients the mean serum cholesterol levels in second trimester was 210 mg/dl, while in third trimester, it was 243.60 mg/dl. In GDM patients, the mean serum cholesterol was 223.50 mg/dl and 242.83 mg/dl in second and third trimester respectively. 213.33 mg/dl and 243.66 mg/dl were the means cholesterol levels in second and third trimester respectively in patients with preterm. Out of total 200 patients 168 had no complications, while 20 {10%} had preeclampsia, 6 {3%} had Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and 6 {3%} had preterm deliveries. Conclusion:An association between maternal early pregnancy triglyceridaemia, and the subsequent risk of pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes and preterm deliveries was observed. Occurrence of Preeclampsia, Gestational Diabetes and Preterm deliveries cannot be predicted based on the values of Serum Cholesterol, HDL-Cholesterol, LDL-Cholesterol and VLDL-Cholesterol. Hence estimation of lipid profile is strongly recommended during pregnancy to prevent deleterious effect of hyperlipidaemia associated with pregnancy. Keywords: Lipid Profile, Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Preterm, Preeclampsia, Pregnancy related disease. 1. Introduction Pregnancy is a physiological process which causes profound changes in the body. It leads to an increase in demands for metabolic fuels and also causes alteration in hormonal levels which may cause few changes in lipid profile during pregnancy [1]. During last two trimesters, glucose is spared (for the foetus) while the concentration of fatty acids in plasma increases which leads to Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) and Gestational Hypertension (GHTN) respectively. Freinkel had described this process as accelerated starvation, and facilitated anabolism [2]. GDM and GHTN can lead to peri and postpartum complications. Pregnancy is often also complicated with diseases which can hamper Cardio-Vascular System. GDM and GHTN are few of them which can develop type 2 diabetes and systemic hypertension in later part of life [3,4]. In our previous study, we showed that total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-cholesterol, VLDL-cholesterol increases in last two trimesters. The increase is even greater in third trimester, when compared to the second. However, HDL-Cholesterol levels are decreased in third trimester when compared to that of second. The study concluded that the estimation of lipid profile is highly recommended during pregnancy due to its association with high levels of triglycerides which may lead to Pre-eclampsia, GDM and preterm delivery [5]. The present study is a continuation of our previous study and here, it evaluates the clinical significance of the lipid profile level in pregnancy and its effect on the development of pregnancy induced diseases like GDM, pre-eclampsia and preterm. 2. Aim To study the association of serum lipid levels during second and third trimester with the development of pregnancy associated diseases like preeclampsia, GDM and preterm. 3. Material, Methods, Ethics, Statistical Analysis, Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria The present study is a continuation of our previous study and the material, methods, ethics, inclusion and exclusion criteria could be obtained from our previous study [5]. In brief, the present study was conducted at Mahatma Gandhi Mission Hospital, Navi Mumbai, India. A total of 200 pregnant local women were enrolled from October 2012 to 2014. Out of the 200 subjects, 10 developed GHTN in late third trimester which was detected after 32nd week during follow-up which were also included. The venous blood sample was collected from all subjects for measurement of lipid profile in the 16th week and 32nd week of gestation for analysis. All pregnant women with a singleton pregnancy with a gestational age of 13-28 weeks, irrespective of parity and gravida were included. Pregnant women in whom hypertension (HTN) was detected before 14 weeks and those with diseases or complications like chronic HTN, Diabetes, Renal Disorders and Thyroid Disorders, Obstetric and Foetal Complications (Hydrops foetalis, congenital foetal anomalies) were excluded. Statistical analyses were performed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 17.0. All reported P values are two-tailed, and confidence intervals were calculated at the 95% level. The data was presented using frequencies, percentages, descriptive statistics followed by charts and graphs. Level of significance was set at 5%. All p-values less than 0.05 were treated as significant. 4. Results The mean age of patients was 24.87 years with a SD of 2.7 years. The minimum age was 18 years and the maximum age was 30 years. 4.1 Blood Pressure The mean Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP) in second trimester was 117.03 mm/Hg with a SD of 10.33 mm/Hg. In third trimester, it was increased to 120.77 with a SD of 14.675. In pre-eclamptic patients, the mean SBP was 151.40 with a SD 6.05. (p =0.00) in third trimester. There was a highly significant statistical difference in the mean blood pressure values among normal and pre-eclamptic women in third trimester. The mean Diastolic Blood Pressure in our study in third trimester was 72.11 mm/Hg with a SD of 6.88 mm/Hg. In third trimester, the mean SBP was increased to 74.03 with a SD of 8.616. In pre-eclamptic patients the mean was 92.00 with a SD 2.59 (p =0.00). There was a highly significant statistical difference in the mean blood pressure values among normal and pre-eclamptic women in third trimester. Out of total 200 patients 168 had no complications, while 20 had preeclampsia, 6 had GDM and 6 had preterm deliveries. 4.2 Association of Triglycerides with Preeclampsia, GDM and Preterm The below table (figure 1) indicates the 95% confidence interval for triglyceride levels for patients with outcomes of Preeclampsia, GDM and Preterm. The mean triglyceride level in second trimester was 188.68 mg/dl with a standard deviation of 20.88 mg/dl. In third trimester, the mean triglyceride (TG) level was increased to 216.78 mg/dl with a standard deviation of 20.09 mg/dl [5]. In pre-eclamptic patients, the mean serum triglyceride levels in second trimester was 204.00 with a SD 18.904 (p =0.00), while in third trimester, the mean was 243.20 with a SD of 15.58 (p =0.00). There was significant statistical significance observed between serum triglyceride levels and pre-eclampsia in both second and third trimesters (figure 1). Outcome Trimester Mean N SD SEM 95 % CI Lower Bound Upper Bound Preeclampsia Second Trimester 204.00 20 18.90 4.23 195.71 212.29 Third Trimester 243.20 20 15.58 3.48 236.37 250.03 GDM Second Trimester 214.33 6 18.64 7.61 199.42 229.25 Third Trimester 230.50 6 17.03 6.95 216.88 244.12 Preterm Second Trimester 212.83 6 11.99 4.90 203.24 222.43 Third Trimester 240.17 6 7.73 3.16 233.98 246.35 Figure 1. Association of Triglycerides with Preeclampsia, GDM and Preterm 4.3 Association of Cholesterol with Preeclampsia, GDM and Preterm The below table (figure 2) indicates the 95% confidence interval for cholesterol levels for patients with outcomes of Eclampsia, GDM and Preterm. In pre eclamptic patients the mean serum cholesterol levels in second trimester was 210.75 with a SD 24.248 (p =0.320), in third trimester, the mean was 243.60 with a SD of 25.84 (p =0.826). There was no statistical significance observed between serum cholesterol and pre-eclampsia in both second and third trimesters. Compared to the normal value of 200mg/dl, cholesterol level is raised in normal pregnancy. In pre- eclamptic women cholesterol level is raised more than the values in normal pregnancy. Outcome Trimester N Mean SD SEM 95% CI Lower Bound Upper Bound Preeclampsia 2nd Trimester 20 210.75 24.25 5.42 199.401 222.10 3rd Trimester 20 243.60 25.85 5.78 231.50 255.69 GDM 2nd Trimester 6 223.50 25.16 10.27 197.09 249.90 3rd Trimester 6 242.83 27.14 11.08 214.35 271.31 Preterm 2nd Trimester 6 213.33 20.23 8.25 192.10 234.55 3rd Trimester 6 243.66 27.200 11.10 215.12 272.21 Figure 2. Association of Cholesterol with Preeclampsia, GDM and Preterm 4.4 Association of HDL Cholesterol with Preeclampsia, GDM and Preterm The below table (figure 3) indicates the 95% confidence interval for HDL cholesterol levels for patients with outcomes of Preeclampsia, GDM and Preterm. In third trimester, the mean serum HDL Cholesterol (HDL-C) level in normal patients was 42.78 with a SD of 4.31, in pre eclamptic patients the mean was 45.60 with a SD 4.12 Compared to the normal value of 40-60 mg/dl, HDL-Cholesterol level is within normal range in normal pregnancy. In pre-eclamptic women HDL-C level was higher than normal pregnancy but within normal range. In pre eclamptic patients the mean serum HDL Cholesterol levels in second trimester was 51.8 with a SD 5.8 (p =0.040), in third trimester, the mean was 45.60 with a SD of 4.1 (p =0.006). There was significant statistical significance observed between serum HDL -Cholesterol and pre-eclampsia in both second and third trimesters. Outcome Trimester N Mean SD SEM 95% CI Lower Bound Upper Bound Preeclampsia 2nd Trimester 20 51.80 5.84 1.30 49.06 54.53 3rd Trimester 20 45.60 4.12 .92 43.67 47.52 GDM 2nd Trimester 6 52.00 7.07 2.88 44.57 59.42 3rd Trimester 6 41.16 7.27 2.97 33.52 48.80 Preterm 2nd Trimester 6 49.00 6.13 2.50 42.56 55.43 3rd Trimester 6 45.50 4.03 1.64 41.26 49.73 Figure 3. Association of HDL Cholesterol with Preeclampsia, GDM and Preterm 4.5 Association of LDL Cholesterol with Preeclampsia, GDM and Preterm The below table (figure 4) indicates the 95% confidence interval for LDL cholesterol levels for patients with outcomes of Preeclampsia, GDM and Preterm. In third trimester, the mean serum LDL-Cholesterol level in normal patients was 137.80 with a SD of 13.67, in preeclamptic patients the mean was 137.80 with a SD 11.5.   Compared to the normal value of 130 mg/dl [5], triglyceride level is raised in normal pregnancy. In preeclamptic women LDL-C level was same as in normal pregnancy (figure 4). In preeclamptic patients the mean serum LDL-C levels in second trimester was 92.7 with a SD 18.2 (p =0.943), in third trimester, the mean was 137.8 with a SD of 11.5 (p =0.996). There was no significant statistical significance observed between serum LDL-C levels and pre-eclampsia in both second and third trimesters. Outcome Trimester N Mean SD SEM 95% CI Lower Bound Upper Bound Preeclampsia 2nd Trimester 20 92.70 18.22 4.07 84.17 101.23 3rd Trimester 20 137.80 11.59 2.59 132.37 143.22 GDM 2nd Trimester 6 96.83 31.39 12.81 63.89 129.77 3rd Trimester 6 150.16 9.88 4.03 139.79 160.54 Preterm 2nd Trimester 6 84.50 6.12 2.50 78.07 90.92 3rd Trimester 6 127.83 10.64 4.34 116.66 139.00 Figure 4. Association of LDL Cholesterol with Preeclampsia, GDM and Preterm 4.6 Association of VLDL Cholesterol with Eclampsia, GDM and Preterm The below table (figure 5) indicates the 95% confidence interval for VLDL cholesterol levels for patients with outcomes of Eclampsia, GDM and Preterm. In third trimester, the mean serum VLDL-Cholesterol (VLDL-C) level in normal patients was 35.88 with a SD of 6.5, in pre eclamptic patients the mean was 39.7 with a SD 7.1.   Compared to the normal value of 35 mg/dl [5], VLDL-C level is raised in normal pregnancy. In pre- eclamptic women VLDL-C level was increased more than that in normal pregnancy. In pre eclamptic patients the mean serum VLDL-C levels in second trimester was 30.9 with a SD 7.9 (p =0.93), in third trimester, the mean was 39.7 with a SD of 7.1 (p =0.016). There was no significant statistical significance observed between serum VLDL-C levels and pre-eclampsia in second trimester but significance was found in third trimesters. Outcome Trimester N Mean SD SEM 95% CI Lower Bound Upper Bound Eclampsia 2nd Trimester 20 30.95 7.93 1.77 27.23 34.66 3rd Trimester 20 39.70 7.11 1.59 36.36 43.03 GDM 2nd Trimester 6 27.16 6.01 2.45 20.85 33.47 3rd Trimester 6 34.00 5.65 2.30 28.06 39.93 Preterm 2nd Trimester 6 25.66 3.98 1.62 21.48 29.84 3rd Trimester 6 36.83 6.96 2.84 29.52 44.14 Figure 5. Association of VLDL Cholesterol with Eclampsia, GDM and Preterm 4.7 Mean values of lipid parameters with outcome in 2nd and 3rd trimester The mean values of Serum cholesterol, Serum TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, VLDL-C are given in figures 6 and 7. Trimester Outcome Serum Cholesterol {mg/dl} Serum Triglycerides {mg/dl} HDL-CHOLESTEROL {mg/dl} LDL-CHOLESTEROL {mg/dl} VLDL-CHOLESTEROL {mg/dl} Second Trimester Preeclampsia 210.75 204.00 51.80 92.70 30.95 GDM 223.50 214.33 52.00 96.83 27.16 Preterm 213.33 212.83 49.00 84.50 25.66 Third Trimester Preeclampsia 243.60 243.20 45.60 137.80 39.70 GDM 242.83 230.50 41.16 150.16 34.00 Preterm 243.66 240.16 45.50 127.83 36.83 Figure 6. Mean values of lipid parameters with outcome in 2nd and 3rd trimester Figure 7. Comparison of Lipid parameters between second and third trimester 4.9 Complications outcome distribution Out of total 200 patients 168 had no complications, while 20 {10%} had preeclampsia, 6 {3%} had Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and 6 {3%} had preterm deliveries (Figure 8). Complication No of Cases Percentage No Complication 168 84% Pre-eclampsia 20 10% GDM 6 3% Preterm 6 3% Total 200 100% Figure 8. Distribution according to Complications 5. Discussion Hypercholesterolemia is known to cause excessive lipid peroxidation and coexistent diminution in antioxidant activity which may result in an imbalance between peroxidases and antioxidants, leading to oxidative stress. Oxidative stress and elevated atherogenic index may lead to atherogenicity in Pre-eclampsia [6]. 5.1 Triglycerides In a study conducted by Arnon Wiznitzer et. al., to prove the association of lipid levels during gestation with preeclampsia and GDM in 9911 pregnant women, they observed that the composite endpoint (GDM or preeclampsia) occurred in 1209 women (12.2%). During the index pregnancy, GDM was diagnosed in 638 women (6.4%) while Preeclampsia was diagnosed in 625 pregnancies (6.3%) [7]. In a study by Lorentzen et al., it was observed that the mean triglyceride concentrations of pre-eclampsia patients were higher than normal pregnant women at 16-18 weeks [8]. Later, a large prospective cohort study conducted in Norway by Clausen et al. (2001) also demonstrated that women with triglycerides above 212 mg/dL (2.4 mmol/L) had a five-fold increased risk (95% CI 1.1-23.1) of early onset pre-eclampsia (onset before 34 weeks) compared with those with triglycerides levels 133 mg/dL [9]. A study done by S. Niromanesh et. al., to compare the outcomes of forty five pregnant women who had high TG levels (>195 mg/dl) with 135 pregnant women having TG levels [10]. In a study done by Kandimalla et. al., comprising 156 pregnant women attending antenatal clinic visits were included prior to 20 weeks and were analysed for lipid levels. 102 participants were followed until delivery and were monitored for pre-eclampsia. They reported that mean triglyceride levels were found significantly higher in the pre-eclampsia group. Women with triglycerides above 130 mg/dL had increased risk of pre-eclampsia compared with those with triglycerides levels of 91 mg/dL or less [11]. In the present study, compared to the normal value of 150 mg/dl [12], during second trimester, the 95% CI for triglyceride level with Preeclampsia was between 195.71 and 212.29, the 95% CI for triglyceride level with outcome GDM was between 199.42 and 229.25; while the 95 % CI for triglyceride with preterm outcome was between 203.24 and 222.43. Hence, we can conclude that triglyceride level of more than 195 mg/dl during second trimester can lead to complications like Preeclampsia, and triglycerides greater than 199.42mg/dl lead to GDM and levels above 203.24mg/dl lead to Preterm delivery. During third trimester, the 95% CI for triglyceride level with Preeclampsia was between 236.37 250.03, the 95% CI for triglyceride level with outcome GDM was between 216.88 244.12 and the 95 % CI for triglyceride with preterm outcome was between 233.98 and 246.35. Hence, we can conclude that triglyceride level of more than 236 mg/dl during second trimester can lead to complications like Preeclamps ia, triglyceride level of more than 216.88 mg/dl leads to GDM and triglyceride level of more than 233.98mg/dl leads to Preterm delivery (figure 1). Our findings correlate with the findings of a study done by Kandimalla et. al [11]. 5.2 Cholesterol

The feasibility of wind energy from strategic management perspective in Russia

1. INTRODUCTION This research proposal has been complied to outline how an investigation into one part of the feasibility studies for wind energy developments are undertaken. From a strategic management perspective the socio-economics aspects of this shall be examined. These shall be considered by examining a number of case studies in Russia (as an example see; POWER, 2013; BAREC, 1998). 2. INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY This study shall be undertaken by critically evaluating how these assessments are currently implemented in practice. The effectiveness of these shall then be assessed by comparing them to practices adopted by other countries (see as an example: Bell, Gray & Haggett, 2005; Bergmann, Hanley & Wright, 2006; Van der Horst & Toke, 2010). This could help to identify some opportunities, which may be utilised in Russia, to improve the undertaking of feasibility studies. 4. PROBLEM STATEMENT In Russia, feasibility studies are conducted to establish if wind turbine projects are viable (as an example see; POWER, 2013; BAREC, 1998). However, a variety of practices have been adopted to undertake these to date (Devine?Wright, 2005). This research seeks to ascertain if these practices could be improved, by establishing how these assessments have been undertaken in other countries. 5. RESEARCH AIMS AND OBJECTIVES In conjunction with the problem statement above, the following aims have been formulated: To use available and relevant data, to investigate how socio-economic assessments are managed by using various management strategies (during the feasibility investigation phase of wind farm developments). To use available and relevant data, to investigate how socio-economic assessments are implemented by using various management strategies (during the feasibility investigation phase of wind farm developments). To use the findings from the above two aims make recommendations for how practices may be improved in Russia. Additionally, the following objectives have been developed: To evaluate how socio-economic assessments are strategically managed and implemented (during the feasibility phases of wind farm projects in Russia and other countries). To evaluate if these assessments may be improved in Russia. 6. PROPOSAL STRUCTURE The proposed outline of the dissertation is described in the next section. 7.LITERATURE REVIEW To date, studies have been undertaken into the development of wind farms (see as an example: Bell, Gray & Haggett, 2005; Bergmann, Hanley & Wright, 2006; Van der Horst & Toke, 2010). The majority of these have been focused on developments in Europe or the United States of America. There are a few case studies, which are pertinent to these types projects in Russia (as an example see; POWER, 2013; BAREC, 1998). Mainly, these case studies show that a variety of techniques are used to seek to ascertain if these developments are feasible. To ensure that this is the case a number of assessments are undertaken (see as an example: Bell, Gray & Haggett, 2005; Bergmann, Hanley & Wright, 2006). This helps to ensure that each aspect of the development and its impacts are fully considered. One assessment, which is important, seeks to evaluate the socio -economic impacts of wind farm developments (Wolsink, 2007). It is the management and implementation of these in Russia, which this study s eeks to explore. This shall be achieved by examining the literature from Europe or the United States of America (see as an example: Bell, Gray & Haggett, 2005; Bergmann, Hanley & Wright, 2006; Van der Horst & Toke, 2010) and comparing this to the Russian case studies (as an example see; POWER, 2013; BAREC, 1998). This will enable the researcher to understand how these are undertaken in a number of countries and how practices may be improved in Russia. 7.3 LITERATURE REVIEW SUMMARY The findings from this review shall be detailed in a summary and the research questions shall be outlined. 7.4. RESEARCH QUESTIONS Provisionally, the following research questions have been developed. How have socio-economic assessments been strategically managed (during the feasibility studies of wind farms in different countries) How have the socio-economic assessments been implemented (during the feasibility phases of wind farm developments in Russia and other countries) To date, what lessons have been learnt from one and two, and how may these be applied in Russia 7.5 METHODOLOGY Due to the nature of this study, the research shall be based on an extensive review of the literature and case studies. Once all of these have been examined and collated a number of recommendations shall be made. 7.6 RESEARCH PHILOSOPHY The research philosophy, which has been adopted for this study is positivism. This will allow the investigation to be a critical and objective base method (Sundars, 2003). 7.7 RESEARCH APPROACH The research approach, which has chosen for this study is qualitative in nature, as it will be based on a literature review (Sundars, 2003). This will allow the research to explore the problem, which was outlined above, to see if any improvements may be made. 7.8 RESEARCH STRATEGY The research strategy, which has been chosen for this study is a literature review (Sundars, 2003). 7.9 DATA COLLECTION The literature review shall be conducted by searching websites electronic journals, case studies and relevant books. Once a number of relevant sources have been identified these shall be used to collect information to investigate the research problem. 7.10 DATA ANALYSIS All analyses shall be based on the literature, which is identified during the data collection phase of this study (Sundars, 2003). 7.11 ACCESS Access to this literature shall be established through searching library resources, electronic journals and websites. 7.12 RELIABILITY, VALIDITY, AND GENERALISABILITY The reliability and validity of this research shall be ensured by only using sources of information, which are deemed to be suitable for this study. The generalizability of the findings from this study shall be limited as it will be based on secondary sources and the study findings will only be valid whilst these sources of information remain current (Sundars, 2003). 7.11 ETHICAL ISSUES There are no ethical issues which need to be considered whilst this research is being conducted. 7.12 RESEARCH LIMITATIONS As this research is based on secondary sources, the data, which is available, may limit the findings from this and as already stated as the study is based on the current situation in Russia, its findings may only be valid for a limited time. 8 CONCLUSION In conclusion, this study shall be undertaken by seeking to identify and critically evaluate a number of secondary sources. This will enable the strategic management and implementation of socio –economic analyses to be critically evaluated. The effectiveness of these in Russia shall then be assessed by comparing them to practices adopted by other countries. Then a number of recommendations may be made where this is appropriate. 9 TIME CHART TasksTask LeadStartEndDuration (Days) DissertationResearcher7/06/137/15/1310 Write Up Results 7/06/137/20/1315 Write up analysis 7/21/138/01/1312 Write Recommendations 1/08/1313/08/201310 Draw Conclusions 13/08/201318/08/20135 REFERENCES BAREC (1998) Conditions for the development of Wind Power in the Baltic Sea Region. Available from http://www.basrec.net/files/basrecdocs/Projects/BASREC-wind%201_enabling%20studies_120424.pdf (Accessed 03/07/2013) Bell, D., Gray, T., & Haggett, C. (2005). The ‘social gap’ in wind farm siting decisions: explanations and policy responses. Environmental politics, 14(4), 460-477. Bergmann, A., Hanley, N., & Wright, R. (2006). Valuing the attributes of renewable energy investments. Energy Policy, 34(9), 1004-1014. Devine?Wright, P. (2005). Beyond NIMBYism: towards an integrated framework for understanding public perceptions of wind energy. Wind energy, 8(2), 125-139. POWER (2013) Perspectives of Offshore Wind Development. Available from http://www.corpi.ku.lt/power/ (Accessed 03/07/2013). Saunders, M. (2003) Research Methods for Business Students. South Africa: Pearson Education. Van der Horst, D. (2007). NIMBY or not Exploring the relevance of location and the politics of voiced opinions in renewable energy siting controversies. Energy policy, 35(5), 2705-2714. Van der Horst, D., & Toke, D. (2010). Exploring the landscape of wind farm developments: local area characteristics and planning process outcomes in rural England. Land Use Policy, 27(2), 214-221. Wolsink, M. (2007). Planning of renewables schemes: Deliberative and fair decision-making on landscape issues instead of reproachful accusations of non-cooperation. Energy policy, 35(5), 2692-2704.

What Is Verbal Violence

Violence is a central concept for describing social relationships among humans, a concept loaded with ethical and political significance. Yet, what is violence? What forms can it take? Can human life be void of violence, and should it be? These are some of the hard questions that a theory of violence shall address.In this article, we shall address verbal violence, which will be kept distinct from physical violence and psychological violence. Other questions, such as Why are humans violent?, or Can violence ever be just?, or Should humans aspire to non-violence? will be left for another occasion. Verbal Violence Verbal violence, most often also labeled verbal abuse, is a common variety of violence, which encompasses a relatively large spectrum of behaviors, including accusing, undermining, verbal threatening, ordering, trivializing, constant forgetting, silencing, blaming, name-calling, overtly criticizing.Verbal violence is compatible with other forms of violence, including physical violence and psychological violence. For instance, in most bullying behaviors we do find all three variants of violence (and verbal violence seems to be the most essential form of violence to bullying – you can have no bullying without verbal threat). Responses to Verbal Violence As with psychological violence, the question is posed of what sorts of reactions may be regarded as legitimate with respect to verbal violence. Does a verbal threat give someone the leeway to respond with physical violence? We do find two quite distinct camps here: according to some, no act of verbal violence may justify a physically violent reaction; according to another camp, instead, verbally violent behavior may be as damaging, if not more damaging, than physically violent behaviors. Issues of legitimate response to verbal violence are of the utmost importance in most crime scenes. If a person threatens you with a weapon, does that count as a mere verbal threat and does that authorize you to a physical reaction? If so, does the threat legitimate any sort of physical reaction on your part or not? Verbal Violence and Upbringing While all forms of violence are related to culture and upbringing, verbal violence seems to be related to quite specific sub-cultures, namely linguistic codes adopted in a community of speakers. Because of its specificity, it seems that verbal violence can be more easily circumscribed and eliminated than other forms of violence.Thus, for instance, if we are left wondering why is it that some people do and need to exercise physical violence and how we may prevent that from happening, it appears that verbal violence may be more easily controlled, by enforcing different linguistic behaviors. Countenancing verbal violence, at any rate, passes by the exercise of some form of coercion, be that even only regimentation in the use of linguistic expressions. Verbal Violence and Liberation On the other hand, verbal violence may be sometimes seen also a form of liberation for the most oppressed. The exercise of humor may be in some case entrenched with some forms of verbal violence: from politically incorrect jokes to simple mocking, humor may seem a manner to exercise violence over other people. At the same time, humor is amongst the most democratic and gentle tools for social protests, as it requires no particular affluence and arguably provokes no physical damage and need not cause great psychological distress.The exercise of verbal violence, perhaps more than any other forms of violence, requires a continuous check on the part of the speaker of the reactions to her words: humans almost invariably end up exercising violence over each other; it is only by educating ourselves to try and refrain from behaviors that our acquaintance do find violent that we may be able to live peacefully.

Women s Suffrage For Josephine Baker By Adolf Loos

How are women represented in House for Josephine Baker by Adolf Loos? Introduction Feminism and the women s right movement occurs in waves. Women’s awareness of their plight as second class citizens began first with first-wave feminism. This began with women’s fight for the right to vote in 1867 in the UK and the right was won in 1918. This is known as the Suffragette movement. Second-wave feminism was characterised by the women’s right to their bodies like reproductive rights and the legislation concerning abortion rights. This began in the late 20th century and was not as localised as several of the first-wave feminism movements. Due to the advent of modernisation allowing for the formation of organisation and collectives, the movement involved international organisations like Amnesty International. The rights included â€Å"†¦access to affordable and relevant health services and to accurate, comprehensive health information. Gender-based discrimination, lack of access to education, poverty, and violence against women and girls can all prevent these rights from being realised for women and girls; challenges that are often particularly acute when it comes to sexual and reproductive health rights and safe motherhood†. Third-wave feminism is the most current movement of feminism, it is characterised with women’s right to sexuality (especially concerning sex workers), the wage gap and the intersectionality of the movement. Former feminist movements have been criticised for not